THE STUDY OF THE ABILITY OF MICRO-ORGANISMS ISOLATED FROM DRILLING SLUDGE FOR THE SYNTHESIS OF BIOLOGICAL SURFACE-ACTIVE SUBSTANCES UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF INCREASED SALINITY MEDIUM 

Pleshakova Ekaterina Vladimirovna, Doctor of biological sciences, associate professor, professor of the sub-department of biochemistry and biophysics, Saratov State University (83, Astrakhanskaya street, Saratov, Russia), E-mail: plekat@yandex.ru
Kolesnik Sergey Dmitrievich, Master degree student, Saratov State University (83, Astrakhanskaya street, Saratov, Russia), E-mail: Sergey42560@yandex.ru 

579.222:504.72 

DOI

10.21685/2307-9150-2020-1-10 

Background. Microorganisms are capable of producing biosurfactants which have significant advantages over synthetic surfactants such as: low toxicity, high biodegradability, stable activity in the environment, improved functional characteristics, and the possibility of obtaining raw materials from renewable sources. Microorganisms isolated from extreme ecological niches and capable of synthesizing biosurfactants under these conditions are of great importance for use in bioremediation technologies, especially for disposal of drilling waste containing a complex of toxic organic and inorganic compounds. In this regard, we evaluated the ability of microorganisms isolated from drill sludges to synthesize biosurfactants in conditions of high salinity.
Materials and methods. The objects of this research were 6 microbial strains isolated from drill sludges: Halomonas sp. sample 1, Bacillus circulans NSh, B. firmus OBR 1.1, B. firmus OBR 3.1, Solibacillus silvestris OBR 3.2; B. circulans OBR 3.3 and the control oil-oxidizing microorganism Dietzia maris AM3. The ability of microorganisms to synthesize biosurfactants when cultured in a medium with different concentrations of NaCl was determined based on the index of surface tension reduction (Δσ) of the culture medium and supernatants.
Results. It was found that five of the six studied microbial strains were capable of producing endo- and exo-surfactants when cultured in an environment with high salinity (3,5 and 6,5 % NaCl). The exception was the microbial strain Halomonas sp. OBR 1. Maximum values of Δσ of the culture medium and supernatants were observed when cultivating B. firmus OBR 3.1 in an environment with a 3,5 % concentration of NaCl and B. circulans OBR 3.3; with a 6,5 % concentration of NaCl – B. circulans NSh and B. firmus OBR 1.1.
Conclusions. The properties of microorganisms isolated from drilling sludges capable of producing biosurfactants in conditions of high salinity of the environment, discovered by us, open the prospect of the practical use of these microorganisms in biotechnologies for detoxification of drilling waste. 

Key words

biosurfactants, microbial strains, the surface tension, of the culture medium, the supernatant 

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